Michal Ben Gal
פרטים בבליוגרפים:
קוליק, ל., בר, ר. וארנון, ל. (2021). ההתנדבות פנים רבות לה: חויית ההתנדבות בגל הראשון של מגפת הקורונה בראי דפוסי ההתנדבות. ביטחון סוציאלי 114, ספטמבר 2021
תקציר
מטרת המחקר הייתה לבחון הבדלים בחוויית ההתנדבות במגפת הקורונה על פי שלושה דפוסי התנדבות: התנדבות מסורתית – המתבצעת בעיקר פנים אל פנים, התנדבות וירטואלית – המתבצעת באמצעים דיגיטליים, והתנדבות היברידית – המשלבת התנדבות וירטואלית והתנדבות מסורתית. מדגם המחקר כלל 657 מתנדבים שנדגמו מכלל אוכלוסיית המתנדבים בגל הראשון של מגפת הקורונה, וחוויית ההתנדבות נבחנה בארבעה היבטים: המוטיבציוני, האפקטיבי, הקוגניטיבי וההתנהגותי. המחקר נערך בשיטה משולבת (Mixed Method), והנתונים נאספו באמצעות שאלונים שהופצו בקישור מקוון. בחלק האיכותני נערך ניתוח תמטי של תשובות המשתתפים לשאלה פתוחה, שבה הם התבקשו לתאר רגעים מיוחדים שחוו בהתנדבות. ממצאי המחקר העלו כי בהיבטים מסוימים חוויית ההתנדבות של המתנדבים ההיברידיים חיובית יותר מזו של האחרים: הם מונעים מתוך סולידריות חברתית יותר מאחרים, תחושת התרומה שלהם לקהילה היא הגבוהה ביותר, והם מגלים מחויבות רבה יותר להתנדבות. עם זאת, שביעות הרצון שלהם מהליווי המקצועי שהם מקבלים בהתנדבות נמוכה מזו של האחרים, והאָפֶקט השלילי שהם חווים בהתנדבות גבוה יחסית. המתנדבים הווירטואליים מגלים מחויבות נמוכה יחסית להתנדבות, וגם שביעות הרצון שלהם מההיזון החוזר שהם מקבלים מהמוטבים נמוכה יחסית. בקרב המתנדבים המסורתיים וההיברידיים, תוכן הרגעים המיוחדים נושא בעיקר אופי רגשי וקשור למתן סיוע תכליתי, ובמרכזם עומד המוטב. על בסיס הממצאים מוצגות המלצות מעשיות לארגונים ולעמותות המפעילים מתנדבים.
קישור: https://www.btl.gov.il/Publications/Social_Security/Gilayon114/Pages/50-kolic-volunteering.aspx
Bibliographic details
Linares, C., Díaz, J., Negev, M., Martínez, G. S., Debono, R., & Paz, S. (2020). Impacts of climate change on the public health of the Mediterranean Basin population-current situation, projections, preparedness and adaptation. Environmental research, 182, 109107.
Abstract
The Mediterranean Basin is undergoing a warming trend with longer and warmer summers, an increase in the frequency and the severity of heat waves, changes in precipitation patterns and a reduction in rainfall amounts.
In this unique populated region, which is characterized by significant gaps in the socio-economic levels particularly between the North (Europe) and South (Africa), parallel with population growth and migration, increased
water demand and forest fires risk - the vulnerability of the Mediterranean population to human health risks increases significantly.
Indeed, climatic changes impact the health of the Mediterranean population directly through extreme heat, drought or storms, or indirectly by changes in water availability, food provision and quality, air pollution and other stressors. The main health effects are related to extreme weather events (including extreme temperatures and floods), changes in the distribution of climate-sensitive diseases and changes in environmental and social conditions. The poorer countries, particularly in North Africa and the Levant, are at highest risk. Climate change affects the vulnerable sectors of the region, including an increasingly older population, with a larger percentage of those with chronic diseases, as well as poor people, which are therefore more susceptible to the effects of extreme temperatures. For those populations, a better surveillance and control systems are especially needed. In view of the climatic projections and the vulnerability of Mediterranean countries, climate change mitigation and adaptation become ever more imperative. It is important that prevention Health Action Plans will be implemented, particularly in those countries that currently have no prevention plans. Most adaptation measures are “win-win situation” from a health perspective, including reducing air pollution or providing shading solutions.
Additionally, Mediterranean countries need to enhance cross-border collaboration, as adaptation to many of the health risks requires collaboration across borders and also across the different parts of the basin.
Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001393511930903X
Bibliographic details
Negev, M., Teschner, N. A., Rosenthal, A., Levine, H., Lew-Levy, C., & Davidovitch, N. (2019). Adaptation of health systems to climate-related migration in Sub-Saharan Africa: Closing the gap. International journal of hygiene and environmental health, 222(2), 311-314.
Abstract
Health systems worldwide need to be adapted to cope with growing numbers of migrants and to climate-exacerbated morbidity. Heatwaves, water stress, desertification, flooding, and sea level rise are environmental stressors that increase morbidity, mortality, and poor mental health in Sub-Saharan Africa. While most migration is intra-African, climate change is also affecting migration patterns outside the continent. To tackle the health challenges induced by these events, such as infectious diseases and malnutrition, health care providers in Sub-Saharan Africa and in receiving countries in Europe must adapt their systems to provide appropriate health services to these communities. While health systems differ greatly across the global north and south, adaptation measures are similar and should be integrated. We present recommendations for adaptation of health systems to climate-related migration, including strengthening health systems, providing access to healthcare, culturally-appropriate services, policy-oriented research and training, and inter-sectoral collaboration.
Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1438463918304991
Bibliographic details
Salgotra, R., Moshaiov, A., Seidelmann, T., Fischer, D., & Mostaghim, S. (2021, June). Optimal Control Policies to Address the Pandemic Health-Economy Dilemma. In 2021 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC) (pp. 720-727). IEEE.
Abstract
Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) are effective measures to contain a pandemic. Yet, such control measures commonly have a negative effect on the economy. Here, we propose a macro-level approach to support resolving this Health-Economy Dilemma (HED). First, an extension to the well-known SEIR model is suggested which includes an economy model. Second, a bi-objective optimization problem is defined to study optimal control policies in view of the HED problem. Third, four multi-objective evolutionary algorithms are applied to perform a study on the health-economy performance trade-offs that are inherent to the obtained optimal policies. Finally, the results from the applied algorithms are compared to select a preferred algorithm for future studies. As expected, for the proposed models and strategies, a clear conflict between the health and economy performances is found. Furthermore, the results suggest that the guided usage of NPIs is preferable as compared to refraining from employing such strategies at all. This study contributes to pandemic modeling and simulation by providing a novel concept that elaborates on integrating economic aspects while exploring the optimal moment to enable NPIs.
Bibliographic details:
Benjamin, A., Kuperman, Y., Eren, N. et al. Stress-related emotional and behavioural impact following the first COVID-19 outbreak peak. Molecular Psychiatry (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-021-01219-6
Abstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic poses multiple psychologically stressful challenges and is associated with an increased risk for mental illness. Previous studies have focused on the psychopathological symptoms associated with the outbreak peak. Here, we examined the behavioural and mental-health impact of the pandemic in Israel using an online survey, during the six weeks encompassing the end of the first outbreak and the beginning of the second. We used clinically validated instruments to assess anxiety- and depression-related emotional distress, symptoms, and coping strategies, as well as questions designed to specifically assess COVID-19-related concerns. Higher emotional burden was associated with being female, younger, unemployed, living in high socioeconomic status localities, having prior medical conditions, encountering more people, and experiencing physiological symptoms. Our findings highlight the environmental context and its importance in understanding individual ability to cope with the long-term stressful challenges of the pandemic.
Link to paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41380-021-01219-6#citeas
Bibliographic details:
Yael Ram, Noga Collins-Kreiner, Einav Gozansky, Gal Moscona & Hadas Okon-Singer (2021). Is there a COVID-19 vaccination effect? A three-wave cross-sectional study.
Current Issues in Tourism, DOI: 10.1080/13683500.2021.1960285
Abstract:
This research examines the impact of COVID-19 mobility restrictions and vaccinations on people’s behavioral intentions to travel and their actual travel patterns. The study was conducted in Israel using threewave cross-sectional analysis: June 2020 (n=129), November 2020 (n=211) and April 2021 (n=208). The findings reveal that the main factor supporting tourism is the desire to resume travel and not vaccination. The study also shows that domestic travel is not a substitute for international travel, at least in the case of Israel. Attitudes towards tourism are significant predictors of domestic and international travel intentions and of actual domestic travel. Nevertheless, the belief that tourism is a source of recovery is related only to intentions to travel internationally. Non-clinical depression symptoms are negatively correlated with domestic tourism. Variables previously considered relevant to resuming tourism, e.g. vaccination, economic stress and health risk factors, have little or no influence on future demand, while attitudes regarding tourism emerge as the most important factor.
Link to article: https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.1960285
הרשימה מעודכנת ל- 2021
Articles in refereed Journals
The publications deal with the following topics: Resilience, stress, terrorism, war, and trauma
Kimhi, S., & Shamai, M. (2004).Community resilience and the impact of stress: Adult response to Israel's withdrawal from Lebanon. Journal of Community Psychology, 32, 439-451.
Kimhi, S. & Shamai, M. (2006). Community resilience as a buffer of stress reaction – northern community response to Israel's withdrawal from Lebanon. Social Issues in Israel. 1, 152-170 [Hebrew].
Shamai, M. & Kimhi, S. (2006). Exposure of threat of war and terror, political attitudes, stress and life satisfaction among teenagers. Journal of Adolescence, 29, 165-176.
Kimhi, S., & Shamai, M. (2006). Are women at higher risk than man? Gender differences among teenagers and adults in their response to the threat of war and terror. Women & Health, 43, 1-19.
Shamai, M. & Kimhi, S. (2007) Teenagers response to threat of war and terror: The impact of gender and social systems. Community Mental Health Journal, 43, 359-374.
Shamai, M., Kimhi, S., & Enosh, G. (2007). Social systems and personal reactions to threats of war. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 24, 747-764.
Kimhi, S., & Sagy, S. (2008). Moral justification and feelings of adjustment to military law-enforcement situations: Israeli soldiers serving at army roadblocks. Mind & Society, 7, 177-191.
Kimhi, S., & Canetti-Nisim, D., & Hirschberger, G. (2009). Terrorism in the eyes of the beholder: Foundations of support for terrorism in the face of intractable conflict. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 15, 75-95.
Kimhi, S., Eshel, Y., Zysberg, L., & Hantman, S. (2009). Getting a life: Gender differences in postwar recovery. Sex Roles, 61, 554-565.
Kimhi, S., Eshel, Y. (2009). Individual and public resilience and coping with long term outcomes of war. Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research, 14, 70-89.
Kimhi, S. & Eshel, Y. (2010). Individual and public resiliency: Coping with long term outcomes of war. Social Issues in Israel, 29-52 [Hebrew].
Kimhi, S., Eshel, Y., Zysberg, L., Hantman, S., & Enosh, G. (2010). Sense of coherence and socio-demographic characteristics predicting posttraumatic stress symptoms and recovery in the aftermath of the Second Lebanon War. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 23, 139-152.
Kimhi, S., & Eshel, Y., Zysberg, L., & Hantman, S. (2010). Postwar winners and losers in the Long run: Determinants of war-related stress symptoms and posttraumatic recovery. Community Mental Health Journal, 46, 10-19.
Kimhi, S., Eshel, Y., Zysberg, L., & Hantman, S. (2010). Sense of danger and family support as mediators of adolescents' distress and recovery in the aftermath of war. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 15, 351-369.
Kimhi, S., Mindel, K., & Oged, R. (2011). On the edge of the abyss - Testimonies of an Israeli submarine crew on the challenges and features of life as a submariner. Megamot [Hebrew] (different from the English version).
Kimhi, S., Hantman, S., Goroshit, M., Eshel, Y., & Zysberg, L. (2012). Elderly people coping with the aftermath of war: Resilience vs. vulnerability. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 20, 391-401. DOI: 10.1097/JGP.ob013e31821106b3
Eshel, Y. & Kimhi, S. (2011). Perceived beneficial and detrimental outcomes of war: Are they positively or negatively linked with each other? International Journal of Stress Management, 18, 284-303. DOI: 10.1037/a0024743
Kimhi, S. (2011). Understanding coping: Submarine crew coping with extreme environmental conditions. Psychology, 2, 961-967. DOI:10.4236/psych.2011.29145
Kimhi, S. & Eshel, Y. (2012). Determinants of students of perceptions of conventional and unconventional war threats. Democracy and Security, 8, 228-246.
Kimhi, S. (2014). Moral dilemma in the war against terror: Political attitudes and regular versus reserve military service. Ethics & Behavior, 24(1), 1-15. DOI:10.1080/10508422.2013.818919
Kimhi, S. (2012). A moral dilemma in the war against terror: Political attitudes and regular versus reserve military service. Social Issues in Israel, 15, 87-108 [Hebrew].
Kimhi, S. & Doron, H. (2013). Conscripted without induction order: Wives of former combat veterans with PTSD speak. Psychology, 4, 189 –195.
Kimhi, S. & Doron, H. (2014). Conscripted without induction order: Wives of former combat veterans with PTSD speak. Social Issues in Israel, 17, 94-114 [Hebrew].
Kimhi, S., Goroshit, M., & Eshel, Y., (2013). Demographic variables as antecedents of Israeli community and national resilience. Journal of Community Psychology, 41(5), 631-643. DOI: 10.1002/jcop.21561.
Zysberg, L., Kimhi, S., & Eshel, Y. (2013). Someone to watch over me: Exposure to war events and trust in the armed forces as factors in war-related stress. Medicine Conflict & Survival, 29, 140-154.
Kimhi, S, (2011). The half full / half empty cup: Vulnerability and resiliency one year after a war (invited paper). In K. Weichold, & D. Sharma. Introduction to dealing with stress, adversities, and trauma: Resiliency research across cultures. Bulletin of the International Society for the Study of Behavioral Development ISSBD, 1(51). http://www.issbd.org/resources/files/JBD_May11_Bulletin.pdf
Eshel, Y. & Kimhi, S., & Goroshit, M. (2014). Posttraumatic recovery to distress symptoms ratio mediates relations of resilience fostering resources and their predictors. Stress & Health. 32(3), 216-223.
Kimhi and Eshel (2015). The missing link in resilience research. Psychological Inquiry. 26(2), 181-186. DOI:10.1080/1047840X.2014.1002378.
Eshel, Y. & Kimhi, S. (2016). A new perspective on national resilience: Components and demographic predictors. Journal of Community Psychology, 44(7), 833-844. DOI: 10.1002/jcop.21811
Eshel, Y., & Kimhi, S. (2016). Community resilience of civilians at war: a new perspective. Community Mental Health Journal, 52(1), 109-117.
Eshel, Y. & Kimhi, S. (2016). Post-War recovery to stress symptoms ratio as a measure of resilience, individual characteristics, sense of danger and age. Journal of Loss & Trauma: International Perspective on Stress & Coping, 21(2), 160-177. DOI: 10.1080/15325024.965970
Kimhi, S. (2016). Levels of Resilience: Associations among Individual, Community and National Resilience. Journal of Health Psychology, 21(2), 164-170.
Eshel, Y., & Kimhi, S. (2016). Determinants of individual resilience following missile attacks: A new perspective. Personality and Individual Difference. 95, 190-195. DOI:/10.1016/j.paid.2016.02.052
Eshel, Y., Kimhi, S., Lahad, S., & Lykin, D. (2016). Individual, community, and national resiliencies and age: Are Older people less resilient than younger individuals? American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 24(8), 644-647. Doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2016.03.002
Canetti, Kimhi, Hannoun, Rocha, Galea & Morgan (2016). How Personality affects Vulnerability among Israelis and Palestinians Following the 2009 Gaza Conflict. PLOS ONE. 11(7), e0156278
Kimhi, S. & Eshel, Y. (2016). Demographic characteristics and sense of danger predicting new measure of individual resilience following a war. Journal of Community Medicine & Health Education. 6(5), 472. doi:10.4172/2161-0711.1000472
Eshel, Kimhi, Lhad & Leykin (2017). Individual attributes as predictors of protective and risk components of resilience under continuing terror attacks: A longitudinal study. Personality and Individual Differences.114, 160-166. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.03.033
Kimhi, S., Dror, G., & Sapir, S. (2017). Resilience among students from the majority and minority group: The Israeli case. Journal of Psychology & Behavioral Science. 5(1), 37-46.
Kimhi, S. & Eshel, Y. Leykin, D. & Lahad, M. (2017). Individual, community and national resilience in the peacetime and in face of terror: A longitudinal study. Journal of Loss and Trauma. 22(8), 698-713. doi.org/10.1080/15325024.2017.1391943
Kimhi, S., Parmak, M., Boon, H., Sapountzaki, K., Groh, A., & Ryan, S. (2018). Community and National Resilience and Quality of Life: A Preliminary Cross-Cultural Study. American International Journal of Social Science, 7(1), 1-11.
Eshel, Y. & Kimhi, S., Lahad, M., Leykin, D., & Goroshit, M., (2018). Risk factors as major determinants of resilience: A replication study. Community Mental Health Journal, 54(8), 1228-1238. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10597-018-0263-7
Kimhi, S. & Eshel, Y. (2019). Measuring national resilience: A new short version of the scale (NR-13). Journal of Community Resilience. 47(3), 517-528. DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22135
Kimhi, S., Eshel, Y., Lahad, S., & Lykin, D. (2019). National resilience: A new self-report assessment scale. Community Mental Health Journal. 55(4), 721-731.
Eshel, Y., Kimhi, S. & Marciano, H., (2019). Proximal and distal determinants of community resilience under threats of terror. Journal of Community Psychology. 47(8), 1952-1960. DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22245
Marciano, H., Eshel, Y. & Kimhi, S. (2020). Predictors of Individual, Community and National Resiliencies of Israeli Jews and Arabs. International Journal of Psychology, 55(4), 553-561. DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12636
Kimhi, S., Eshel, Y., & Bonanno, G. (2020). Resilience and risk factors as prospective predictors of depression and anxiety symptoms following intensive terror attacks in Israel. Personality and Individual Differences, 159, 109864.
Eshel, Y., Kimhi, S., & Marciano, H. (2020). Predictors of national and community resilience of Israeli border inhabitants threatened by war and terror. Community Mental Health Journal, 56(8), 1480-1488.
Kimhi, S., Eshel, Y., Marciano, H., & Adini, B. (2020). Distress and resilience in the days of COVID-19: Comparing two ethnicities. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(11), 3956.
Kimhi, S., Marciano, H., Eshel, Y., & Adini, B. (2020). Community and national resilience and their predictors in face of terror. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 50, 101746.
Kimhi, S., Eshel, Y., Marciano, H., & Adini, B., (2020). Resilience and demographic characteristics predicting distress during COVID-19 crisis. Social Science & Medicine, 265, 113389.
Kimhi, S., Eshel, Y., Marciano, H., & Adini, B., (2020). Recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic: Distress and resilience. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. 50 101843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101843
Kimhi, S., Eshel, Y., Marciano, H., & Adini, B. (2020). A Renewed Outbreak of the COVID− 19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study of Distress, Resilience, and Subjective Well-Being. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), 7743.
Eshel, Y., Kimhi, S., Marciano, H., & Adini, B. Age and gender of adults as determinants of coping with COVID-19 pandemic. (2020) Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, 20(4), 25-36.
Kimhi, S., Eshel, Y., Marciano, H., & Adini, B., Fluctuations in National resilience along the COVID-19 – A longitudinal study. (2021, online first). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18, 3876.
Kimhi, S., Eshel, Y., Adini, B., …… Marciano, H. (2021, online first). Distress and resilience in days of COVID-19: International study of samples from Israel, Brazil, and the Philippines. Cross-Cultural Research, https://doi.org/10.1177/10693971211026806.
Chapters in Collections
Kimhi S & Even E. (2006). The Palestinian human bombers. In: J. Victoroff, (Ed.). Tangled roots: Social and psychological factors in the genesis of terrorism (308-323). Amsterdam: IOS Press.
Kimhi, S. & Canetti-Nisim, D. (2008). Inter-ethnic groups and perception of terrorism. In M. Finklestein, & K. Dent-Brown (Eds.). Psychosocial stress in immigrants and in members of minority groups as a factor in terrorist behavior (pp. 136-151). Amsterdam: IOS Press. The NATO Science for Peace and Security.
Kimhi, S., Eshel, Y., Zysberg, L, & Hantman, S. (2010). Posttraumatic growth and stress symptoms among teenagers from Kiryat Shemona one year after the Second Lebanon War. In F. Azaiza, N. Nachmias, & M. Cohen (Eds.). Health, education and welfare services in times of crisis: Lessons learned from the Second Lebanon War (145-163). Haifa: Pardes Publication [Hebrew].
Kimhi, S. (2012).Understanding coping: Submarine crew coping with extreme environmental conditions. In A. L. Cobb (Ed.). Military operations, health and technology (pp. 25-42). NY: Nova Science Publishers.
Kimhi, S & Eshel, Y. (2011). Determinants of students perceptions of war-threats. In L. Zysberg, (ed.) Student attitudes (pp. 277-294). NY: Nova Science Publisher.
Kimhi, S. (2015). Levels of resilience: A critical review. In D. Ajdukovic, S. Kimhi, & M. Lahad. (Eds.). Resiliency: Enhancing coping with crisis and terrorism (pp. 49-59). Amsterdam, the Netherlands: IOS Press, The NATO Science for Peace and Security Programme.
פרסומים בעברית
קמחי, ש. ושמאי, מ, (2006). חוסן קהילתי כבולם תגובות לחץ: תגובות תושבי הצפון ליציאת צה"ל מלבנון. סוגיות חברתיות בישראל (1) 152-170
דו"חות מחקר
קמחי, ש., מרציאנו, ה., אשל, י., (2018). מדד החוסן לישראל – יוני 2018
קמחי, ש., מרציאנו, ה., אשל, י.ת (2019). מחקר החוסן במועצה האזורית גליל עליון
קמחי, ש., עדיני, ב., מרציאנו, ה., אשל, י., (2019). מדד החוסן בעקבות סבב "חגורה שחורה"
קמחי, ש., מרציאנו, ה., אשל, י., עדיני, ב., (2020). חוסן בימי קורונה
קמחי, ש., מרציאנו, ה., אשל, י., עדיני, ב., (2020). חוסן ודחק בימי קורונה במועצה האזורית גליל עליון
קמחי, ש., מרציאנו, ה., אשל, י., עדיני, ב., (2020). חוסן ודחק בימי קורונה ביישוב ביהודה ושומרון
קמחי, ש., מרציאנו, ה., אשל, י., עדיני, ב., (2020). ישראל בעקבות ההתפרצות המחודשת של מגפת הקורונה: ירידה בחוסן
קמחי, ש., מרציאנו, ה., אשל, י., עדיני, ב., (2020). חוסן ודחק במגפת הקורונה: מדידת אורך שלישית
קמחי, ש., מרציאנו, ה., אשל, י., עדיני, ב., (2021). חוסן, מיטביות ודחק במגפת הקורונה לאורך ארבע מדידות אורך
קמחי, ש., מרציאנו, ה., אשל, י., עדיני, ב., (2021). חוסן, דחק ומיטביות בסיום סבב לחימה "שומר החומות"
קמחי, ש., אשל, י., מרציאנו, ה. uעדיני, ב., (אוקטובר 2023). חוסן האוכלוסייה במדינת ישראל בשבוע הראשון של מלחמת "חרבות ברזל "
קמחי, ש., אשל, י., מרציאנו, ה. ועדיני, ב., (נובמבר 2023). חוסן האוכלוסייה ומדדי התמודדות - מדידת אורך שנייה, לאחר שבעה שבועות של המלחמה בעזה
Bibliographic details:
United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), (2012). How To Make Cities More Resilient. A Handbook for Local Government Leaders. A contribution to the Global Campaign 2010-2015 - Making Cities Resilient – My City is Getting Ready!, Geneva, March 2012
Abstract:
With over half the world’s population now living in urban areas, making cities safer is a long-term challenge that can be achieved. Cities are engines of national growth and dynamic in their governance systems and capacities. Throughout history, disaster events have disrupted urban life. An extreme and changing climate, earthquakes, and emergencies triggered by man-made hazards are increasingly putting pressure on people and threatening the prosperity of cities. This Handbook for Local Government Leaders provides mayors, governors, councillors and others with a generic framework for risk reduction and points to good practices and tools that are already being applied indifferent cities for that purpose. It responds to the following key questions: WHY building disaster resilience is beneficial; WHAT kind of strategies and actions are required; and HOW to go about the task. Because cities, towns and municipalities differ in size, social, economic and cultural profiles and exposure to risk, each one will approach the tasks differently
Link to publication
פרטים בבליוגרפיים
דברה שמואלי ושי בן יוסף (2021) ערכת יישום -פיתוח חוסן מקומי. ישראל 100
תקציר
חוסן מקומי הופך בשנים האחרונות למושג מפתח בהתנהלות רשויות מקומיות. מטרת הערכה, שפותחה במסגרת פרוייקט "ישראל 100" לתת בידי מנהיגות הרשות המקומית כלים מעשיים לקביעת מדיניות, תכנון, יישום, מדידה ומעקב, לחיזוק חוסן מקומי בשיתוף מגוון מחזיקי עניין, בעת שגרה ובמצבי חרום ושיקום.
לאפשר לפעילים קהילתיים לפעול לחיזוק החוסן הקהילתי, באופן שיטתי, בשיתוף הרשות ומגוון מחזיקי עניין, בעת שגרה ובמצבי חרום ושיקום.
הערכה המוצעת מאפשרת למנהיגות המקומית להוביל מהלך ארוך טווח, הנושא פירות רבים, משפר את איכות חיי היום יום ואת ההערכות וההתמודדות במצבי חרום ואסון. היא נותנת כלים מעשיים לקביעת מדיניות, יישום, מדידה ומעקב, לחיזוק חוסן העיר והעירייה, בשיתוף מגוון מחזיקי עניין.
Bibliographic details:
Unnikrishnan, R., & Misra, A. (2021). Diabetes and COVID19: a bidirectional relationship. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 1-5.
Abstract:
The advent and rapid spread of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID19) pandemic across the world has focused attention on the relationship of commonly occurring comorbidities such as diabetes on the course and outcomes of this infection. While diabetes does not seem to be associated with an increased risk of COVID19 infection per se, it has been clearly demonstrated that the presence of hyperglycemia of any degree predisposes to worse outcomes, such as more severe respiratory involvement, ICU admissions, need for mechanical ventilation and mortality. Further, COVID19 infection has been associated with the development of new-onset hyperglycemia and diabetes, and worsening of glycemic control in pre-existing diabetes, due to direct pancreatic damage by the virus, body’s stress response to infection (including cytokine storm) and use of diabetogenic drugs such as corticosteroids in the treatment of severe COVID19. In addition, public health measures taken to flatten the pandemic curve (such as lockdowns) can also adversely impact persons with diabetes by limiting their access to clinical care, healthy diet, and opportunities to exercise. Most antidiabetic medications can continue to be used in patients with mild COVID19 but switching over to insulin is preferred in severe disease.