Bibliographic details: (APA)

Bruins, H. J. (2000). Drought hazards in Israel and Jordan. Drought: a global assessment, 178-193.

Abstract:

 An analysis is made of drought hazards in Israel and Jordan in relation to climate and water resources management. The definition and classification of dry climates and drought are treated in detail. Suggestions are made for a scientifically accurate, convenient, and globally comparable system to classify bioclimatic aridity, which is useful on a local and global scale. The following drought types are distinguished: meteorological drought; agricultural drought; pastoral drought; hydrologic drought; socio-economic drought; and, human-made calamity drought. Information is provided on the geography, climate, land use, and water resources in both countries. Policy recommendations to reduce and mitigate potential drought disasters are provided and the importance of regional development co-operation is highlighted. Other subjects include: the National Water Carrier system in Israel; large-scale desalinization of seawater and brackish groundwater for the domestic sector; the development of an additional water supply system based on regional groundwater and floodwater resources; the treatment of sewage to prevent groundwater pollution; and, the hazard of famine in relation to the import of "virtual water" in the form of staples.